Prepare System

Before any experiment can be performed, the system needs to be set up.

This workflow is a guide through the necessary steps. It will take up to 5 minutes and should be repeated every time a new probe is used. Advanced users can directly jump into a step by selecting it directly depending on their experiment.

Choose Probe

In this step probes are dropped and/or gripped. Both operations can be performed in one run, so that the time during which there is no probe mounted on the system will be minimized.

Note

This step cannot be run if the worktable contains no probe holder. To update the plate configuration run Exchange Plates in the menu “Workflows”. Sample holder is always placed on the right side.

If an access to the probe holder is needed, press To Right Port (respectively - To Left Port) which moves the plate to one of the ports.

Insert the probe into a slot:

Warning

The XY axes are controlled by linear motors with limited holding force, so place the sample and probe rack holders carefully. If too much force is applied in XY the motor may switch off and the stage has to be re-initialized by restarting the software.

Drop

If a probe is already mounted, it must be removed first. To do so, choose an empty slot in which to place that probe by clicking on it.

Attention

Make sure that the slot used to drop the tip is empty.

Note

The checkbox ‘Drop’ is automatically checked if a probe is mounted. However, if the system does not detect an already mounted probe a drop operation can be enforced by checking Drop.

Pick

Choose the probe to be picked by clicking on the corresponding probe icon.

Press OK to start the probe exchange process.

The system pauses right before the gripping operation. A rectangle is shown to correct the positioning before the grip operation if Show Help Lines is set to Always or DuringGripping in the system settings. The positioning can be either corrected by dragging the stage or using the Navigation arrows.

Note

If the probe can’t be seen, check if the light is turned on and the bottom camera focuses on the probe. The internal illumination can be changed in the menu “Settings”, category “BOT”, parameter “Illumination”.

Example of a successful grip operation: The probe becomes blurry as it moves into the head when the gripping mechanism closes.

Air Tightness Test

After the probe has been mounted, the system automatically performs an air tightness test. It applies 20mbar and measures the average flow. If the absolute flow is greater than 0.10Pa, a warning is displayed:

This means the probe is not correctly mounted which could lead to spillage and unreachable pressure values. To fix this, try repeating the gripping two to three times. If this does not work, refer to the troubleshooting section.

Note

If the system doesn’t support measuring flows or if the pressure controller isn’t ready, the air tightness test can’t be performed and needs to be done manually.

Configure Probe

Defines the probe’s specification. The values are used for subsequent calibrations.

This can be done in three different ways:

Barcode

Note

This is the recommended way of defining the probe’s specification.

Scan the barcode on the back of the package of the probe using the barcode reader to automatically download the specifications.

Selector

Select the mounted probe’s type from a list. No data will be downloaded using this method.

Manually

Enter the probe’s serial number manually to download the specifications.

Note

Calibration values can be directly entered in the settings menu.

Fill Probe

In this step, the probe is filled with the liquid from the container.

Further information

With air in the probe, surface (tension) effects will prevent a reproducible delivery of liquid out of the probe. Therefore it is necessary to fill the probe from the reservoir first, to both release and aspirate liquids.

1. Set the desired filling pressure using the left slider. 400-500mbar is usually enough and liquid in the cantilever can be seen within 10s after applying the pressure.

   

2. Apply the pressure by pressing the Fill button.

3. Wait until a change in the filling help image is visible or use a fluorescence stain to control the outflow. Do not stop pressure application, yet.
4. Move to the sample using the Navigation tool (see also the next step).
5. Once the probe is in the liquid of the target well, stop pressure application by pressing the ‘Idle’ button.
6. Adjust the idle pressure using the right slider until the filling remains stable (i.e. is neither pushed back into nor flows out of the cantilever).

Filling Help

The filling help takes the currently shown image and subtracts a reference image from it. In this way, changes in contrast are amplified and allow a clear determination when a probe is filled with liquid.

The example video above shows a channel being filled between second 4 and 5. The color change shown on the main video is minuscule and hard to spot. However, the difference is easily visible in the filling help video located within the Fill Probe step.

Configure Plate

Move the stage to the right port, open the lid and remove the probe holder.

1. Insert the bubble drier as shown in the image making sure that the opening between the paper flaps is oriented vertically.
2. Proceed by alligning the circular body of the bubble drier device to one of the holes of the central row, push downward until the bottom of the well.
3. When placed correctly, the horizontal features of the bubble drier device help with alligning the tool with the existing structures of the well plate.
4. Fill one of the available wells with distilled water.

Insert now the prepared well plate and select it in the plate selection window.

Proceed to the next step.

Warning

Don’t forget to close the transparent cover again.

Go to Well

Move to the desired well with the help of the Navigation tool.

Stop the pressure application only once the probe is in the liquid of the target well.

Proceed to the next step.

Warning

An air bubble may appear at this stage. It’s not possible to proceed to the next step without removing the bubble.

Removal of the bubble

The bubble drier device allows absorbing the droplet of water that forms around the iontip when the consumable is immersed into the distilled water well. Using the bubble drier device removes most of the water bubble providing a new opportunity of immersing in distilled water with reduced chances of the air bubble appearing.

If a bubble is present, perform the following actions (remember that the iontip is filled with ink and it can dry out if left in air for too long):

1. Use the navigation tool and click to move to the well with the bubble drier device in it (make sure that the bottom camera is selected).
2. Wait for the time necessary for the system to complete the movement.
3. Move back into the well with distilled water.

Warning

Once the iontip is in the well with the bubble drier device, the user is still able to move the iontip around by dragging and dropping the screen. Moving the iontip around can result in the loss of the iontip due to it colliding with the paper flaps. It is strongly discouraged to move the iontip while in the bubble drier.

Align Laser

The laser has to be aligned with the tip of the probe for the force feedback to work.

Further information

The laser alignment has to be performed in the same medium as the experiment will be conducted. It can be deionised water if water-based solutions are used. If you change your target liquid, you need to realign and maximize the laser again for the signal to be accurate.

• Ensure that the iontip is in focus
• Use the arrow navigation control in the dialog to adjust the laser beam such that it is positionned between ⅓ and ½ of the cantilever’s length from the tip, as shown in the right picture:

Before alignment	After alignment

Press OK to proceed to the next step.

Maximize Signal

This step optimizes the signal quality.

Choose Center automatically as the system can usually perform this step on its own. However, in case of highly reflective backgrounds or non-standard probes, manual alignment is required.

Further information

For best force control, the signal needs to be maximized. Maximal signal is achieved when the two photo detectors receive an equal amount of laser signal. For that, a mirror inside the head has to be brought into the optimal position.

The automatic signal maximization gives a feedback with a graph showing two curves - corresponding to each photodetector signal depending on the mirror position. Their intersection is the best mirror position. Below are a few examples.

Continue by pressing OK if there are overlapping curves with continuous segments in the intersecting area. Otherwise, realign the laser’s x/y position (previous step).

Further information

The ideal position of the mirror depends on the refractive index of the medium used. When the liquid medium is changed, it is therefore recommended to maximize the signal again.

Good Signal

Bad Signals

Align Probe

Select the tip of the probe with the crosshair. This gives a rough estimation for the offset determined with the Iontip Offset Calibration and allows for more accurate printing.

The image below shows the correct position to select.